AUTHOR: Jeff Grabmeier
PUBLICATION NAME: ScienceDaily
DATE OF PUBLICATION: Dec. 1, 2010
SUMMARY: A study performed by Brad Bushman (co-author of the study and professor of communication and psychology at Ohio State University), C. Nathan DeWall and Timothy Deckman of the University of Kentucky and Matthew Gailllot of SUNY-Albany found that people who drink lemonade with sugar are less aggressive to strangers a few minutes after drinking the beverage than those who drink lemonade with a sugar substitute. This study was performed with 62 college students as test subjects. The students fasted for 3 hours to reduce their glucose levels and then, half of them were given lemonade with sugar while the other half were given lemonade with a sugar substitute. Eight minutes were given for students to absorb the sugar into their blood. Participants were then informed that they and an unseen rival were to compete against each other by pressing a button as quickly as possible in 25 trials. Whoever lost would be punished with a blast of white noise, whose volume was determined by the winner of the trials. (In actuality, each participant “won” 12 random trials.) The sound was rates on a scale of 1-10. During the first trial (before being punished with any noise by their “partners,” it was found that students who had drunk the sugared lemonade, on average, gave a noise level of 4.8, while the ones who had drunk the substitute gave a 6.06.
Bushman believes that since the act of resisting aggressive behavior takes so much energy, glucose is essential for providing the energy needed to resist such impulses. Those people who have difficulty using the glucose present in their bodies (notably those with diabetes) are more prone to aggressive behavior and less willing to forgive others. This turns into a problem because diabetes level (which are shown to correspond directly with violence and crime rates) are rising in America.
LINKS TO STUDY: None
ARTICLE: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/11/101130161535.htm
SUBMITTED BY: Lordesa Fok
Showing posts with label 05 Sensation And Perception. Show all posts
Showing posts with label 05 Sensation And Perception. Show all posts
Thursday, December 9, 2010
Monday, October 25, 2010
Positive And Negative Messages In Advertising
AUTHOR: unknown
PUBLICATION NAME: PsyArticles.com
DATE OF PUBLICATION: December 2008
SUMMARY: Researchers have discovered that consumers will spend more on a product using positive advertising if there is no deadline or the deadline is far in the future for the purchase. On the other hand, if the deadline is eminent, consumers will spend more money on products using negative advertising. A positive advertisement is something that encourages a consumer to buy a product because something good will happen to them if they do. One example is “get the best deal”. A negative advertisement is something that discourages a consumer from not buying the product. An example is “do not get ripped off.”
Researchers have also discovered that high levels of emotion in an advertisement have a positive effect on consumers regardless of the intended message of the advertisement or what the emotion in the advertisement is. In addition, advertisements with low levels of emotion have no effect on the consumer, no matter how factual or informative the advertisement is. This suggests that companies should focus more on the creativity and emotion in their advertisement than on factual information because no matter how good your product sounds on paper, consumers are only affected by the emotions in the advertisement. This may also lead to consumers being less aware that the advertisement is influencing their behavior, thus making them more susceptible to its sway.
To sum it all up, in an advertisement you should use positive reinforcement for products that there is no eminent deadline to purchase and negative advertisement if there is an eminent deadline. In addition, it does not matter what you say, but how you say it.
LINKS TO STUDY: none listed
ARTICLE: http://www.psyarticles.com/emotion/advertising-message.htm
SUBMITTED BY: Stephanie Walker
PUBLICATION NAME: PsyArticles.com
DATE OF PUBLICATION: December 2008
SUMMARY: Researchers have discovered that consumers will spend more on a product using positive advertising if there is no deadline or the deadline is far in the future for the purchase. On the other hand, if the deadline is eminent, consumers will spend more money on products using negative advertising. A positive advertisement is something that encourages a consumer to buy a product because something good will happen to them if they do. One example is “get the best deal”. A negative advertisement is something that discourages a consumer from not buying the product. An example is “do not get ripped off.”
Researchers have also discovered that high levels of emotion in an advertisement have a positive effect on consumers regardless of the intended message of the advertisement or what the emotion in the advertisement is. In addition, advertisements with low levels of emotion have no effect on the consumer, no matter how factual or informative the advertisement is. This suggests that companies should focus more on the creativity and emotion in their advertisement than on factual information because no matter how good your product sounds on paper, consumers are only affected by the emotions in the advertisement. This may also lead to consumers being less aware that the advertisement is influencing their behavior, thus making them more susceptible to its sway.
To sum it all up, in an advertisement you should use positive reinforcement for products that there is no eminent deadline to purchase and negative advertisement if there is an eminent deadline. In addition, it does not matter what you say, but how you say it.
LINKS TO STUDY: none listed
ARTICLE: http://www.psyarticles.com/emotion/advertising-message.htm
SUBMITTED BY: Stephanie Walker
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